Where the numbers come from
Pay, employment and outlook figures come from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Outlook Handbook, currently the edition with 2025 pay and 2025 to 2035 projections. Where the BLS groups two jobs together, our role pages use the detailed occupation that matches the role and say so.
Certification prices, exam formats and renewal rules come from each vendor's official pages. Every certification page shows the date we last checked it. If a vendor does not publish a figure, we leave it out.
What the data does not tell you
BLS wages are national figures. They exclude equity, signing bonuses and benefits, and they mix junior and senior people under one job title. We point this out wherever it matters, and our guides explain how to adjust for location, industry and scope.
Independence
Vendors and employers cannot pay to change a figure or a listing. Some articles mention or link to products and services we think are useful, and we may work with partners on that content. Editorial decisions stay with us.
Corrections
When a source updates its figures we update ours and the date shown on the page. If you spot an error, tell us through the about page.